Therapeutic potential of the novel hybrid molecule JM-20 against focal cortical ischemia in rats

نویسندگان

  • Yanier Núñez Figueredo
  • Jeney Ramírez-Sanchez
  • Gisele Hansel
  • Gilberto L. Pardo-Andreu
  • Nelson Merino
  • Guillermo Aparicio
  • Rene Delgado-Hernández
  • Laura García-Pupo
  • Estael Ochoa-Rodríguez
  • Yamila Verdecia-Reyes
  • Diogo O. Souza
چکیده

Resumen Context: Despite the great mortality and morbidity of stroke, treatment options remain limited. We previously showed that JM-20, a novel synthetic molecule, possessed a strong neuroprotective effect in rats subjected to transient middle cerebral artery occlusion. However, to verify the robustness of the pre-clinical neuroprotective effects of JM-20 to get good prognosis in the translation to the clinic, it is necessary to use other experimental models of brain ischemia. Aims: To evaluate the neuroprotective effects of JM-20 following the onset of permanent focal cerebral ischemia induced in rats by thermocoagulation of blood into pial blood vessels of cerebral cortices. Methods: Ischemic lesion was induced by thermocoagulation of blood into pial blood vessels of primary motor and somatosensory cortices. Behavioral performance was evaluated by the cylinder testing for a period of 2, 3 and 7 days after surgery, and was followed by histopathological study in brain cortex stained with hematoxylineosin. Results: Ischemic injury resulted in impaired function of the forelimb evidenced by high asymmetry punctuation, and caused histopathological alterations indicative of tissue damage at cerebral cortex. JM-20 treatment (4 and 8 mg/kg) significantly decreased asymmetry scores and histological alterations with a marked preservation of cortical neurons. Conclusions: The effects of permanent brain ischemia were strongly attenuated by JM-20 administration, which expands and improves the current preclinical data of JM-20 as neuroprotector against cerebral ischemia, and strongly support the examination of its translation to the clinic to treat acute ischemic stroke. Contexto: A pesar de la enorme mortalidad y morbilidad del infarto cerebral, las opciones terapéuticas son limitadas. Recientemente se ha demostrado que JM-20, nueva molécula sintética, ejerce efecto neuroprotector en ratas sometidas a una oclusión transitoria de la arteria cerebral media. Sin embargo, se hace necesario utilizar otros modelos experimentales de isquemia cerebral. Objetivos: Evaluar el efecto neuroprotector del JM-20 luego del comienzo de una isquemia cerebral focal y permanente en ratas, inducida por termocoagulación de la sangre en los vasos piales de la corteza cerebral. Métodos: La lesión isquémica se indujo por termocoagulación de la sangre en los vasos piales de la corteza primaria motora y somato sensorial. El desempeño comportamental se evaluó por medio de la prueba del cilindro a los 2, 3 y 7 días después de la cirugía. Posteriormente se realizaron estudios histopatológicos en corteza cerebral por medio de la tinción con hematoxilina-eosina. Resultados: El daño isquémico resultó en un impedimento funcional de las extremidades anteriores de las ratas evidenciado por una elevada asimetría y originó alteraciones histopatológicas indicativas de daño en la corteza cerebral. El tratamiento con JM-20 (4 y 8 mg/kg) disminuyó significativamente los porcientos de asimetría y las alteraciones histopatológicas con una marcada preservación de las neuronas corticales. Conclusiones: Los efectos de la isquemia cerebral permanente fueron fuertemente atenuados por la administración del JM-20, lo que enriquece y mejora su data experimental pre-clínica como neuroprotector contra la isquemia cerebral y apoya la consideración de su traslado a la clínica para tratar el infarto cerebral.

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تاریخ انتشار 2016